
Ireland: The Distress. February 6, 1847.
From Our Own Correspondent. DUBLIN. Feb. 4.
Subjoined is an extract from a report forwarded to the Relief Association in
Sackville-street by the secretary of a relief committee in the King's County:
"Well-authenticated facts have been brought under the notice of the
committee by some of its own members, who testified to the fact of families
consisting of from seven to ten being without any food whatsoever for more than
36 hours; and when supplied with food after that period, affording
deplorable proofs of exhaustion; and of others, subsisting on green vegetables
of the least nutritious property; whole families affording, in numberless
instances, the most wretched appearance from the effects of hunger, cold and
disease. Even where relief has been afforded from employment on works, many
families have been obliged to subsist on a meal a day. . . . No individual
exertions of charity, and they have been afforded to a great extent in this
neighborhood, can, of themselves, save multitudes from perishing under the
complicated calamities which have been borne by the great majority of the poor
with unexampled patience and resignation. In instances where the local police
were directed to make a search for stolen sheep, they reported that they entered
20 or 30 houses, where the wretched inmates were gathered together in a corner
of the building on some of the wildest nights of snow and storm in the season,
without a spark of fire, and the only appearance of food in their huts being
broken heads of cabbages and turnip tops, supposed to have been picked from the
fields where they had been thrown out for cattle."
A gentleman residing in a southern county, who has taken an active part in
alleviating, by personal exertions, the distress which prevails to a frightful
extent in his neighborhood, thus writes:
"Throughout there has been a fall in the prices of corn for the last ten
days. I very much fear that rates will soon go up. We are now arrived at a most
critical period. Though the Roads Labour -rate Act was so much abused, it must
be allowed that the spouters for reproductive works have been most tardy in
availing themselves of the permission to go on with them, and so put an end to
ploughing the roads. I may here observe, that the farming class of Ireland is a
most sordid race. In the winter season and spring it has oozed out in our
committee, that the labourers received from the farmers as low wages as from 3d.
to 5d. per day in many cases. Although the latter have been receiving enormous
prices for a fine harvest of grain, they cannot bear to pay the wages which
would enable the labourer to procure that food which they have sold at so dear a
rate. Hence the slowness of the class in availing themselves of the Treasure
minute; and now they are waiting for the bill which is to establish a rate in
aid of wages -- another yawning Charybdis for millions, which they will strive
to make a job of, with the assistance (I regret to say it) of but too many of
the Roman Catholic priests. By the way, I do sincerely believe that this would
be a favourable time for the Government to bring forward a proposition to pay
the Romish clergy. I am sure the people would not join in any agitation against
it; and if the former was once known to be the recipient of Government bounty,
of course, all voluntary (?) payments would be at an end; the clergyman would
have less inducement to quarter his flock upon the public purse, and the English
might think it cheaper than to be paying both parties, which is indirectly the
case under the present vicious system. Notwithstanding what I have said about
the rate of wages, I think that if it were possible it could be well guarded
from the influence of which I speak, it would be a good bill, and I hope likely
to correct and supersede some of the cruel absurdities of our nicknamed
"Poor Law."
The Wexford Paper complains that, in about a fortnight hence, 1,000
able-bodied men will be thrown out of employment in that locality, in
consequence of the works on which they are now engaged being likely to be
finished in that period. This is called a "startling fact," but it is
one for which all parties should have been prepared, from the explicit
announcement made by the Prime Minister in his palace in the House of Commons on
Monday week last.
The country grain markets continue to decline. The reports today from
Limerick, Clonmel, Waterford, Derry, and Belfast are all in favour of the consumer,
and from the immense importations of breadstuffs and other provisions
in Irish ports, it is to be hoped that prices will be kept to their average
level, and that the gloomy predictions of a reaction in favour of the
speculators will be falsified. The following gratifying announcement appears in
the Belfast Chronicle of yesterday:
"The import of breadstuffs and provisions generally into Belfast has
been on a very extensive scale during the last ten days. Almost every steamer
which arrives from Liverpool, Glasgow, or Ardosan, brings as the most important
portion of her cargo, Indian corn and meal, peas and flour; and in addition to
our regular traders, we had on Sunday two other stamers or large tonnage, the
Princess Royal and Town of Drogheda, which disembarked a great bulk of
provisions. Donegal quay was literally a curiosity on Monday -- from the water's
edge all across to the stores it was densely covered with bags of Indian corn,
sacks of peas, and barrels of flour, and the passenger could with difficulty
make his way through the narrow passes and labyrinthine windings of this
accumulation of good things. In addition to these arrivals coastwise, immense
quantities are being daily landed from foreign ports, the latest of these being
the Chusan, from New Orleans, with nearly 9000 bushels of Indian corn, arrived
here on Monday, and a number of other vessels from Philadelphia, Nantes, Venice,
St. Michael's & c. More are daily expected and as a considerable reaction has
already taken place in the markets, we think it highly probably that prices
of grain will tend yet lower."
A monthly agricultural report, published in the Derry Journal, thus
refers to the culture of the potato in the province of Ulster:
"In consequence of the failure of the potato crop, for the last two
seasons, farmers appear inclined to plant earlier; and we have already observed
what may be considered, for this season, extensive preparations for proceeding
with that operation. In some localities, such as Inch, and the parish of
Ardstraw, a sufficiency of seed may be calculated on; but in most districts the
want of the requisite amount of seed, and also the deficiency of manure, on the
part of the cottiers, who, to help themselves through their present distress,
have disposed of the manure heaps, and who have hitherto been the great
producers of this crop, induce us to believe that not more than a half of the
crop planted last year will be put down this season."
With respect to the wheat crop the same authority says:
"The wheat crop at one time showed signs of recovering that
unhealthiness which we noticed in our last report; but we regret to say that
latterly it has retrograded in most fields, which the excessive rains only can
account for. The plants are generally thin on the ground, and for their
appearance anything but vigorous; but a good spring may yet bring this crop into
a promising condition. Owing to the favourable weather at the commencement of
the month, a considerable breadth of ground was put down with spring sown wheat;
and we should think that by this time there is a full average of that grain
committed to the soil.
